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Information Technology can be described as the total development, support and administration of computer information systems. Information technology makes use of computer hardware and software to store, secure, handle manage, retrieve and distribute information. The role of information technology can be divided into the following four main categories. IT gives individuals the capability to perform effectively and independently. Several of these information technologies are generic applications, and a good illustration is your word processor for example Microsoft word or the spreadsheet for example the Excel spreadsheet. Some other examples are specialized programs for doctors, graphic designers, CAD (computer aided design) application software for engineers. Programs in this category can be adapted for personal use in the place of work or at home. IT enables staff inside and outside an organization to communicate effectively and quickly. Technologies that allow workers to interact with one another are network technologies. A very good example is email. Others include wiki, mashups, instant messaging systems and the like. Modern network technologies in the workplace boost constant communication, association and sharing of ideas. IT make available management capabilities that boost decision making process in the workplace. Information technologies that are made for managing business information are typically referred to as Management Information Systems (MIS). These systems process and produce vital information and reports and generally augment efficiency. Some examples are Financial management systems, human resource management systems and accounting information management systems. IT make available enterprise applications that encompass and specify big business processes for large organizations. Information technology systems that organize the business processes of a whole establishment and how it relates with consumers and partners are known as enterprise solutions. These class of technologies are commonly used by big companies to control the whole business. A most important example of such IT is supply chain management (SCM). Applications in this group consist of technologies that direct, manage and perform supply chain transaction processes and also associations. Information technology joins the power of communication technology and computer systems to give fantastic benefits to the world of science.
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